Algorithm
problem Link : https://onlinejudge.org/index.php?option=onlinejudge&Itemid=8&page=show_problem&problem=945
In 1976 the “Four Color Map Theorem” was proven with the assistance of a computer. This theorem states that every map can be colored using only four colors, in such a way that no region is colored using the same color as a neighbor region. Here you are asked to solve a simpler similar problem. You have to decide whether a given arbitrary connected graph can be bicolored. That is, if one can assign colors (from a palette of two) to the nodes in such a way that no two adjacent nodes have the same color. To simplify the problem you can assume: • no node will have an edge to itself. • the graph is nondirected. That is, if a node a is said to be connected to a node b, then you must assume that b is connected to a. • the graph will be strongly connected. That is, there will be at least one path from any node to any other node. Input The input consists of several test cases. Each test case starts with a line containing the number n (1 < n < 200) of different nodes. The second line contains the number of edges l. After this, l lines will follow, each containing two numbers that specify an edge between the two nodes that they represent. A node in the graph will be labeled using a number a (0 ≤ a < n). An input with n = 0 will mark the end of the input and is not to be processed. Output You have to decide whether the input graph can be bicolored or not, and print it as shown below.
Sample Input 3 3 0 1 1 2 2 0 3 2 0 1 1 2 9 8 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0
Sample Output NOT BICOLORABLE. BICOLORABLE. BICOLORABLE.
Code Examples
#1 Code Example with C Programming
Code -
C Programming
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int n,l,a,b;
while(scanf("%d",&n),n){
scanf("%d",&l);
unordered_map < int,unordered_set<int>> graph;
for(int i=0;i < l;i++){
scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
graph[a].insert(b);
graph[b].insert(a);
}
queue < int> q; q.push(0);
vector<int> color(n);
color[0] = 1;
bool isBipartile = true;
while(!q.empty() & isBipartile){
int cur = q.front(); q.pop();
int curColor = color[cur];
for(int neighbor : graph[cur]){
if(color[neighbor] == curColor){
isBipartile = false;
break;
} else if(color[neighbor] == 0){
// not yet colored
color[neighbor] = -curColor;
q.push(neighbor);
}
}
}
if(isBipartile) printf("BICOLORABLE.\n");
else printf("NOT BICOLORABLE.\n");
}
}Input
3
0 1
1 2
2 0
3
2
0 1
1 2
9
8
0 1
0 2
0 3
0 4
0 5
0 6
0 7
0 8
0
Output
BICOLORABLE.
BICOLORABLE.
Demonstration
UVA Online Judge solution - 10004-Bicoloring - UVA Online Judge solution in C,C++,java